Exercise on gerund used as a subject english grammar. How to teach gerunds and infinitives to esl students. Complete the sentences using the right form of the verbs in brackets. When the gerund is a subject in a sentence, where do you usually see it. Acting is merely the art of keeping a large group of people from coughing. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do. When you are finished, click the check my work button at the bottom of the page to check. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. The gerund can be used as direct object of a sentence. When an action is the subject of a sentence, is it in gerund form.
Which functions of gerunds and infinitives are most common in this selection. Swimming is a good form of exercise for the elderly. But sometimes, toinfinitives and ing forms are also used as subjects. Gerunds test exercises multiple choice questions with. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. Here, singing is the subject of the sentence, enjoys is the verb, and singing is the direct object. Contrary to what others believe in, the english language goes beyond the basic subjectverb agreement. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. The gerund is the subject of the sentence and refers to the activity of swimming not a specific persons action of swimming. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be an indirect object. Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age the use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the toinfinitive.
In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday english. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. When they see a gerund as an activity a nonphysical object, they begin to see the difference between the word as a verb and a noun. Gerunds and infinitives as subjects english grammar. Writing topic sentences with gerunds as the subjects. Functions in a sentence because they act like nouns, gerunds can be used as the subject of a sentence, the subject complement of the linking verb be, the object of a preposition, or the object of a verb. Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement. Though a gerund may look like a verb, it doesnt behave like one in a sentence. A list of common verbs which are followed by a gerund and an article to illustrarte some of the verbs in context. Gerunds as objects a gerunds can be the object of certain verbs. The negative of a gerund is formed by adding the word not before a gerund. Gerunds can appear at the beginning of a sentence when used as a subject.
Gerunds can work alone, or they can be banded together with other words to formulate a gerund phrase. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. Then identify the function of each one subject, subject complement, noun complement, adjective complement, direct object, or object of preposition. Jan 09, 2016 gerund as subject, object or complement. Waking up early is the gerund phrase that forms the subject of the main verb is. The gerund can be used as an object of a preposition. Subject and object illustration prereading questions have the students look at the cartoon. A gerund is a verbal that is created by adding an ing ending to an action verb. Complete the sentences below by using the ing gerund form of the verbs on the right. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks.
Gerunds as subjects a gerund can be the subject of a sentence. Gerunds ac at s subjec complementt s phrases that furthe describr. Subject reading subjects in english are nouns, so the word study is nominalized made into a noun by changing it into a gerund. How to use gerunds as predicate nouns pen and the pad. Because a gerund is a noun, it can be the direct object.
Quiz for lessons 211 215 parts of the sentence verbals gerunds. Adjectives with prepositions followed by gerunds 161. We start with the subject followed by a verb and an object, which has the form of a gerund, and another object. But, like verbs, a gerund can also have an object itself. Is the gerund in the following sentences used as a subject, object or as a complement. Now we can use this word the same way we would any other noun. A gerund can be the subject or object in a sentence. Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement she hates going out at night. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 english grammar exercises. In this case, it can be used as the subject or object of the sentence. Find the gerunds and gerund phrases in the following sentences and tell if they are used as a subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative, an appositive, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition.
Quiz 12 gerunds as objects of prepositions estesinversos. Gerunds as subjects and objects object grammar verb scribd. When a gerund is used on a sentence, it acts as the noun or subject. Jul 21, 2017 running is usually an example of a verb, but it isnt always. Daily grammar quiz for lessons 211215 parts of the. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Gerunds as subjects and objects free download as powerpoint presentation. Then identify the gerund s function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. Here the ing form swimming acts as the subject of the verb is. In this sentence, the subject to vote is linked to the direct object a legal obligation by the verb is. The gerunds keeping and coughing are objects of prepositions. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes.
Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 schoolmanager 20181124t17. The word football is the gerund complement of the gerund playing. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun. The ing form is commonly used to create nouns and verbs.
Present participles, on the other hand, complete progressive verbs or act as modifiers. See grammar notes below for lexical categories parts of speech v, np, adjp and grammatical functions subj, pred, comp. Gerunds and infinitives 333 exercise 1 read the following text and underline all gerunds and infinitives. Gerunds can also have predicates of their own, so to speak, which share the predicate structure of their pure verb mothers. Defines key grammatical terms such as noun, verb, subject, object, and gerund explains how different types of words are necessary for communicating action and being. The use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the to. Whereas the present participle functions as the verb that expresses action or an adjective that describes the subject in a sentence. Gerunds used as objects level intermediate answer key my notes 1. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative in a sentence. That is, a gerund from a linking verb will have a subject complement after it, a gerund from a transitive action verb will have a direct object of its own, and possibly an indirect object or an object complement, and so on. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how they function in the sentence subject, direct object, subject complement, object of preposition. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise.
Swimming in the winter can boost your immune system. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. The gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Nov 16, 2016 gerunds and gerund phrases as objects of prepositions duration. Learning a foreign language is easier at a young age. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken english, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. Gerunds very frequently function as the direct objects of true verbs. Students often get confused when trying to use gerund subjects because the gerund is often followed by a plural noun.
The gerund phrase is the object of the preposition after. Gerunds as subject or objects grammar quiz quizizz. Since francisco was five years old, swimming has been his passion. Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and or objects. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in the following 10 exercises. Verbs can function as verbals in sentences and take on other roles. Gerund as subject or object english grammar exercises. The gerund and the toinfinitive as subject article pdf available in journal of english linguistics 314. Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition. Then identify the gerunds function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement, object of preposition, or appositive. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in an exercise.
Page 3 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles exercise on gerunds. Gerund as subject and object exercises pdf gerund as. Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses. This exercise is an advanced level multiple choice test with multiple choice questions on gerunds including the topics below. Sir ralph richardson, 19021983 acting is a gerund as a subject. Gerunds can serve as an object after a preposition. Gerunds after prepositions illustration culture notes many colleges, universities, and high schools in the united states have a student councila group of students often elected to represent the interests of the entire student body. Gerunds can either stand alone, or they can take a noun the object of the gerund and or modifiers to form a gerund phrase. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. When a gerund has objects modifiers or complements that.
Gerunds gerunds are nouns that look like verbs ending in ing. Avoid discuss finish like prefer dislike go love quit continue enjoy hate miss start begin 5. Singing is a noun acting as an indirect object in the sentence. To form a gerund ad, ding to the base form of a verb and make any necessary spelling changes. A gerund can take on a variety of parts in a sentence. A gerund or gerund phrase can also be the object of a. Therefore, it can be an object, the object of a preposition, or a subject complement. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus.
Oct 07, 2014 the subject o f a sentence is usually a noun or a pronoun. May 02, 2018 the gerund can be used as a subject complement. General rules gerunds and infinitives 1 gerunds as subjects. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition.
Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Thus, gerunds will be subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Then the gerund can be placed in the sentence as a noun would be. Find a parking space is quite difficult in this area. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund.
A gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and functions as a noun or object in a sentence or phrase. By on may 15, 2017 in intermediate level english, tricky english words. The use of the gerund as subject is more common than that of the toinfinitive. A gerund can act as the subject of a sentence, as the object of a preposition, or as the object of a verb. An activity can also be expressed as a subordinate thatclause, which can function as the subject. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could. The gerunds is the object of the verb and refers to the general activity rather than a specific moment of movement. English esl gerunds worksheets most downloaded 3 results.